1984

1984 by George Orwell is a dystopian novel set in a totalitarian society where the Party, led by the enigmatic Big Brother, exercises complete control over every aspect of life. The story follows Winston Smith, a low-ranking Party member who works at the Ministry of Truth, where his job is to rewrite historical records to match the Party's current narrative.

The world is divided into three superstates: Oceania (where Winston lives), Eurasia, and Eastasia, which are perpetually at war with each other in shifting alliances. The Party maintains power through constant surveillance, thought control, and the manipulation of language through "Newspeak" - a deliberately impoverished language designed to eliminate rebellious thoughts.

Winston secretly harbors doubts about the Party and begins a forbidden love affair with Julia, a fellow Party member. Together, they seek out the underground resistance movement led by the mysterious Emmanuel Goldstein. However, their rebellion is discovered by the Thought Police, and Winston is arrested and taken to the Ministry of Love for "re-education."

Under the brutal interrogation and torture by O'Brien - whom Winston had believed was a fellow rebel - Winston's spirit is systematically broken. The climax occurs in the dreaded Room 101, where prisoners face their worst fear. Winston's ultimate betrayal of Julia marks his complete psychological defeat. The novel ends with Winston's total submission to the Party, genuinely loving Big Brother.

The book explores themes of totalitarianism, surveillance, the manipulation of truth, the power of language, and the destruction of individual thought and freedom.